Spine surgery is often required in conditions where there is loss of stability of the spine, compression of nerves in the spinal canal, deformity of spine or a combination of any of the above.

So, naturally, the components of a typical spine surgery include some or all of the steps below:

• stabilisation of the spine with implants to achieve fusion between the segments,
• decompression : removal of structures compressing the spinal cord or the nerves
• deformity correction: correct the abnormal curvature in spine

Minimally invasive techniques have been developed to achieve the target surgical goals as in an open surgery but with least possible damage to the spinal muscles and minimal scarring.

By reducing the amount of tissue dissection and damage, it also aids in reducing the postoperative pain and the need for pain medication. Recovery from a minimally invasive spinal procedure is much faster than after a conventional open procedure. Another significant advantage is the reduced amount of blood loss during a minimally invasive surgery in comparison to the conventional open surgery.

Advances in spinal implants, surgical instruments systems and imaging techniques have made helped in improving the safety and ease of these procedures and has resulted in a rapid rise of minimally invasive techniques for spine surgery.

But all conditions may not be suitable for a minimally invasive surgery and open procedures are better in some conditions and this is best decided by the surgeon.